By
1913, all order in Mexico had broken down. Former President Francisco Madero
was dead, which was said to have been executed by orders of General Victoriano
Huerta, who assumed command of Mexico.
The
federal army had its hands full with rise of revolutionary leaders Pancho Villa
in the north and Emiliano Zapata in the south. These young recruits were on
their way to fight for what was left of the pre-revolutionary order. An
alliance of Villa, Zapata, Venustiano Carranza and Alvaro Obregon would
eventually destroy Huerta’s regime, freeing the revolutionary warlords to
battle one another.
American Forces at Veracruz, 1914
Antonio
Franco, Jefe Revolucionario, 1912
Pancho
Villa and the rebels near Chihuahua. Francisco “Pancho” Villa was a Mexican
Revolutionary general and one of the most prominent figures of the Mexican
Revolution. As commander of the División del Norte in the Constitutionalist
Army, he was a military-landowner (caudillo) of the northern Mexican state of
Chihuahua. Given the area’s size and mineral wealth, it provided him with
extensive resources. Villa was also provisional Governor of Chihuahua in 1913
and 1914. Villa can be credited with decisive military victories leading to the
ousting of Victoriano Huerta from the presidency in July 1914.
Pancho Villa on horseback. Villa led a hit and run raid against the small U.S.–Mexican border town in the Battle of Columbus in 1916 and then retreated to escape U.S. retaliation. The U.S. government sent U.S. Army General John J. Pershing to capture Villa, but Villa continued to evade his attackers with guerrilla tactics during the unsuccessful, 9-month incursion into Mexican sovereign territory. This incursion ended when the United States entered World War I and Pershing was recalled.
Boy
Soldier
Pascual Orozco, Alberto Braniff,
Pancho Villa, and Peppino Garibaldi
Place
where President Madero and Pino Suarez Fell, Mexico City, 1913
Camp of
U.S. Troops in Veracruz, Mexico,1914
Pancho
Villa and his Revolutionary Staff
Candelario Cervantes, Pablo López, Francisco Villa, Francisco Beltran and
Martin Lopez
Pancho
Villa in Bandolier
Carl von
Hoffman with Pancho Villa
Practicing
outside the Arsenal, Mexico City, 1913
Conrado
H. Antuna, Jefe Revolucionario
Emiliano
Zapata, a leading figure in the Mexican Revolution, the main leader of the
peasant revolution in the state of Morelos, and the inspiration of the agrarian
movement called Zapatismo
Emiliano
Zapata in Uniform
Rebels
and their Women, 1912
Fco. Villa y su Estado Mayor
Federal
Soldier with Family, Mexican Revolution
Federal
Troops
Felicistas
en la Ciudadela
Fortino
Samano Smoking Cigar Before Execution, 1916
Francisco
I. Madero Camping with Rebels, 1911
General
Domingo Arrieta
General Manuel Chao, gobernador de Chihuahua, México, Revolución
Mexicana, 1914
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